Understanding Overbites

Medina Orthodontics

An overbite, also known as a deep bite, is a common dental condition where the upper front teeth significantly overlap the lower front teeth when the mouth is closed. This misalignment can range from mild to severe and can impact not only the aesthetics of a smile but also the overall oral health and function.

Overbites can be categorized into two types:

1. Skeletal Overbite - This type is caused by the jaw structure. It occurs when the upper jaw is too far forward or the lower jaw is too far back, leading to a pronounced overlap.
2. Dental Overbite - This type is due to the position of the teeth rather than the jaw structure. It happens when the teeth are angled in such a way that they create an excessive overlap.

Several factors can contribute to the development of an overbite:

• Genetics - Family history and inherited jaw structures play a significant role in the development of overbites.
• Childhood Habits - Prolonged thumb sucking, pacifier use, or bottle feeding can push the upper teeth forward, leading to an overbite.
• Tongue Thrusting - This is when the tongue presses too far forward in the mouth, affecting the alignment of the teeth.
• Jaw Development Issues - Discrepancies in the growth of the upper and lower jaws can lead to an overbite.

If left untreated, overbites can lead to several oral health issues:

• Tooth Wear - The excessive overlap can cause abnormal wear and tear on the lower front teeth, leading to enamel erosion and increased tooth sensitivity.
• Jaw Pain - An overbite can contribute to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, causing pain and discomfort in the jaw.
• Gum Damage - The lower teeth can irritate the gum tissue behind the upper front teeth, leading to gum recession and other periodontal issues.
• Difficulty in Biting and Chewing - Severe overbites can affect the ability to bite and chew food properly, impacting overall nutrition and digestion.
• Speech Problems - An overbite can interfere with proper tongue placement, leading to speech difficulties such as lisps.

Fortunately, there are several effective orthodontic treatments available to correct overbites:

• Braces - Traditional metal braces or ceramic braces are commonly used to correct overbites. Braces apply constant pressure to the teeth, gradually moving them into their proper positions. Braces can address both dental and skeletal overbites by realigning the teeth and, in some cases, guiding the growth of the jaws.
• Clear Aligners - Clear aligner systems, such as Invisalign, offer a discreet alternative to braces. These removable aligners are custom-made to fit the patient’s teeth and gradually shift them into place. Clear aligners are particularly effective for mild to moderate overbites.
• Orthodontic Appliances - Various appliances can be used to correct overbites, especially in growing children. For example, headgear can help guide the growth of the upper jaw, while functional appliances like the Herbst appliance can encourage proper jaw alignment.
• Jaw Surgery: In severe cases where the overbite is due to significant skeletal discrepancies, orthognathic surgery may be necessary. This surgical procedure realigns the jaws to create a proper bite and improve facial aesthetics.

Understanding the causes and consequences of an overbite is crucial for seeking timely and effective treatment. Orthodontic treatment options such as braces, clear aligners, or orthodontic appliances can correct overbites and lead to a healthier, more balanced smile. If you or your child has an overbite, consult with Medina Orthodontics to explore the best treatment options for achieving a beautifully aligned smile and optimal oral health.